When the topic of copytesting comes up, Richard Huntington, the planning director at United London and keeper of Adliterate, is fond of saying "only poor advertising is predictable." His point is that the best advertising isn't linear in its effects, it takes on a magical life of its own, getting the brand discussed and used culturally in ways it wasn't before. As people use it and discuss it and turn it into something with meaning in their own lives, it by definition goes out of our control. That is something that can't be predicted. So if you can predict the results ahead of time, it's probably not great communication. This is an important point.
I'd like to add something to that idea: "only poor advertising is describable." This weekend the author David Foster Wallace had a tremendous piece in Play, the New York Times sports magazine, on Roger Federer called "Roger Federer as Religious Experience." One of his main points is that it's hard for a journalist to write about the grace and genius of a top athelete because it "is next to impossible to describe directly." He says that you can try the standard terms - "world-class serve" or "amazing footwork" - but that descriptions don't really cut it. "All this is true, and yet none of it really explains anything or evokes
the experience of watching this man play. Of witnessing, firsthand, the
beauty and genius of his game." In other words, you might be able to use simple descriptions and cliches to describe, say, me playing tennis, but not the greats.
I believe that the same is true of advertising. A mediocre ad can be described in simple, linear terms - "a mom walks into her kitchen and talks about how great a new sandwich spread is for her family" - because there is nothing else to capture beyond the literal. But great piece of communication relies on many subtle things coming together like (I'll use TV/film as an example, but I think it's true of any communication) casting, acting, direction, music, editing, camerawork, and animation. It will also make use of metaphor and symbols, contain other cultural references, have depth. These are the things that make something transcend the literal and become magical and meaningful. Here's an experiment: try to describe a great ad like Sony Bravia "Balls" or Honda "Grrr" or Apple "1984" in a way that comes anywhere close to capturing the experience of watching them. It doesn't have to be a world-famous ad either, just a good one: to use some Canadian examples, try to describe a Telus ad or one of our Fruitopia spots. The interesting thing, too, is that the more describable an ad is, the more likely it has a clear selling message - selling messages are very linear. The less an ad has a clear USP-type selling message (like all of those ads mentioned above) the harder it is to describe in simple terms. And yet I'd wager that makes it more interesting, more compelling, and more effective.
I realize this isn't groundbreaking or anything. Russell has talked about embracing complexity, and execution being as important as strategy, and Gareth about the weakness of words to describe things. But I wanted to articulate the point again because this issue presents itself with striking regularity. Presenting storyboards to clients, testing animatics, measuring advertising awareness with a two sentence precis in a tracking study, having cost consultants award productions to the lowest bidder, getting hung up on 'main message communication' - all of these are things we deal with everyday, and all run the danger of assuming that everything important in an ad is contained in the linear storyline, in the literal message. And all leave little room for magic. Which leaves little room for people to pick it up and make it their own.
The literal approach worked fairly well when people willingly watched ads, when there wasn't much competition for attention, when people didn't create their own content, when people weren't highly literate in the grammar of advertising. It doesn't work very well anymore. People need a reason to invite a brand, a piece of communication, into their lives for a few minutes. And that means it needs to be interesting and rewarding. Let's aim to make things a little less predictable, and a little less describable.
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